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EXPLORING SOIL-BORNE PATHOGENIC FUNGI AFFECTING POTATO CULTIVATION IN GILGIT-BALTISTAN, PAKISTAN
Abstract
Soil-borne plant pathogenic fungi cause substantial yield losses in potatoes worldwide. In Gilgit Baltistan (GB), Pakistan, potatoes are the main cash crop and source of revenue. Late blight, early blight, and black scurf are three examples of soil-born pathogenic fungi shown in only a few studies to be substantial biotic restrictions on potato output in GB. Few details exist on the prevalence and severity of the soil-borne diseases that cause potato diseases. Climate factors such as severe and unseasonal rains as well as warmer winter temperatures have aggravated these diseases in recent years. As a result, the current study was done in three districts of GB: Gilgit, Hunza, and Nagar. Soil samples from potato plants and rhizospheres were obtained, and soil-borne plant pathogenic fungi were isolated using serial dilution, baiting techniques, and direct plating procedures. Furthermore, fungal morphology was also studied under microscopes as well as identified using standard keys and monographs. Additionally, the synonymy of the isolated pathogenic fungi was also retrieved. A total of eight soil-borne plant pathogenic fungi were identified, namely, Alternaria alternata, Fusarium incarnatum, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium pythium aphanidermatum, Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium udum, and Rhizoctonia solani. Alternaria alternata, Fusarium incarnatum, Fusarium oxysporum, Pythium aphanidermatum, and R. solani were found in all three districts. In conclusion, these soil-borne potato pathogenic fungi appeared to be the first records from GB.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33866/phytopathol.035.02.0896
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