Moringa and Neem Leaf Extracts Enhance Resistance to Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum and Improve Yield in Tomato Genotypes

Abstract

Tomato production is constrained by diseases such as white mold, stem rot, and foliage wilt caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. This study evaluated the incidence of S. sclerotiorum, the effectiveness of botanical extracts—Moringa oleifera (Moringa) and Azadirachta indica (Neem)—in disease management, and the performance of different tomato genotypes under pathogen pressure. Disease incidence was significantly reduced by Moringa extract, achieving a 2.6% incidence compared to 13% with Neem and 37% in untreated plants. Among the genotypes tested, a local variety showed superior fruit production and vigor despite disease challenge. These findings demonstrate the potential of botanical extracts, particularly Moringa, as sustainable alternatives for managing S. sclerotiorum and highlight the value of tolerant tomato genotypes for improving yield. The study provides insights for integrated disease management strategies that can enhance tomato productivity under pathogen pressure.