APHICIDAL EFFECTS OF ORGANIC FORMULATIONS AGAINST TOMATO APHID MYZUS PERSICAE (SULZER) TO OVERCOME CROP DAMAGE/DISEASES

Abstract

Synthetic material against pests is now very common with a negative impact on environment due to which an alternative approaches are needed to reduce the harmful effects of chemicals. Botanicals are the most important source of natural constituents having potential to retard the growth of these pest, Aphids (Myzus persicae) are small sap-sucking insects belonging to Aphidoidea. This insect is marked as threatening   enemy which attack on the members of solanaceae and cause numerous damages to the crop.  It has ability to cause numerous other infection and induces fungal and viral attack on crop due to which yield decreases. Present experimental analysis was design to investigate the anti-aphid potential of plant parts in order to overcome the use chemical based pesticides, to control attack of disease due to aphid on crops. Current study was performed to synthesize biopesticides as insecticides {against Solanum lycopersicum L (Lycopersicon esculentum Miller)} aphid= M. persicae ) by the fermentation of fresh leaves of Azadirachta indica L., Nicotiana tabacum L. and rhizomes of Allium sativum L. in the form of formulation 1 and A. sativum was replaced with Zingiber officinale L., for formulation 2. After assessing and anti-antiaphid activity, biopesticides were subjected to FTIR and HPLC analysis. Results showed that formulation1 reduced aphids after 24, 48, 72, 96 and 144 hrs (21.72±0.5, 20.19±0.2, 24.08±0.4, 28.78±0.4 and 34.32±0.2% pest reduction, respectively). Phytochemical analysis of both formulations showed that A. sativum had organosulfur compounds (11-35 mg/g of fresh A. sativum), arginine, oligosaccharides, flavonoids and selenium, while the pesticidal importance of A. indica, N. tabacum and Z. officinale was due to azadirachtin, nicotine and alpha-pinene, respectively. Outcomes of current work shows that plant-based pesticides are a better option for farming as an alternative to chemically syntheisized pesticide so this study proves to be environment friendly and biopesticides could be a good alternative to chemical pesticides to overcome insects which act as vector for various diseases.